How to debug Android without usb?

first you must make sure you have a wireless device and your android devices can connect your computer with ip address.

If you have connected with usb ,you can go adb shell run this:

adb tcpip 5555

Then you can connect with you network, like this :

adb connect ip:5555  

this is should be you phone ip.

If you are want one key start,  there have a app named wireless you can download in play, so easy and good luck.